China

Operating a business

Different types of companies	Number of partners/shareholders	Maximum and/or minimum capital	Liabilities	Registration fees
Equity Joint Venture, EJV	One or more foreign partners and one or more Chinese partners	Minimum 25% foreign capital share.	Limied to the amount of contributions.
Wholly foreign-owned enterprise, WOFE	100% foreign owned company. Minimum a partner.	No minimum capital.	Limied to the amount of contributions.
Co-operative joint ventures, CJV	Minimum 2 partners.	No minimum capital.	Limied to the amount of contributions.
Foreign investment joint stock company, JSC	Minimum 2 partners.	5m Rmb, 30 Rmb if foreign capital	Each shareholder contributes the same amount to the share capital and is linked to the company by its share of the share capital.
Holding	Minimum 1 partenaire.	minimum de 30m USD	Each shareholder contributes the same amount to the share capital and is linked to the company by its share of the share capital.

Business setup procedures: For drawing up articles of association, no specifics have been indicated. The capital and the articles of association must be registered with the Provincial Office of Trade and Industry. Deposit of the articles of association and registration are done at the Trade Register. The Business plan must be approved by the authorities before the company can be set up.
The competent organization: Ministry of Commerce

Legal weekly duration: 40 hours
Retirement age: 55 years for women and 60 years for men.
Working contracts: Legal provisions govern the work contracts, the collective agreements and the individual negotiation supplement them.
Employment contract and recruiting conditions formalities are strict, which is not so for dismissal constraints which are rather flexible.
There are 3 types of contracts: the permanent contract, the fixed term contract and the contract for the project.

Minimum wage

No legal minimum salary.

Average wage

10,990 RMB

Social contributions

Social security contributions paid by employers: 60%
Social security contributions paid by employees: 11%

Bargaining power: The Chinese Communist party recognises only one trade union: "the All China Federation of Trade Unions" (ACFTU). The ACFTU is not an independent trade union, it thus cannot be the voice of the workers.
Unions: All China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU)
Unionization rate
Labor regulation bodies: Ministry of Employment